Anatomy of the Eye (Part 1)

Among the organs of the visual system are the eyes. These organs are responsible for providing living organisms with vision, which permits them to receive and process visual detail as well as enable several photoreactive processes independent of vision. The eyes detect light and convert it to electrical impulses in neurons.

Take this quiz to learn about the anatomy of the eye and its functions.

  • Question of

    It is also referred to as the white of the eye.

    • Sclera
    • Posterior segment
    • Superior rectus muscle
    • Pupil

    Correct Wrong

    Sclera, also called white of the eye, is the outer layer of the eye, which is opaque, fibrous, soft, and contains mainly collagen fibers and a few elastic fibers. The sclera protects and forms the eye.

  • Question of

    The tissue that lines the inside of the eyelids and covers the sclera (the white of the eye).

    • Conjunctiva
    • Inferior rectus muscle
    • Optic disc
    • Vorticose veins

    Correct Wrong

    Within the eyelids, conjunctiva lines the surface of the eyeball and covers the scleral (white) surface. It consists of unkeratinized, stratified squamous epithelium with goblet cells, and stratified columnar epithelium. The conjunctiva is highly vascular, with many microvessels easily visible on imaging studies.

  • Question of

    This transparent front part of the eye covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber of the eye.

    • Cornea
    • Central retinal vein
    • Sclera
    • Conjunctiva

    Correct Wrong

    Iris, pupil, and anterior chamber are covered by the cornea, a transparent part of the eye. Together with the anterior chamber and lens, the cornea refracts light, with the cornea accounting for approximately two-thirds of the eye's optical power.

  • Question of

    Pupil diameter and size are controlled by this thin, annular structure in the eye.

    • Iris
    • Retina
    • Sclera
    • Optic disc

    Correct Wrong

    In addition to controlling the size and diameter of the pupil, the iris also controls how much light enters the retina. The iris also determines the color of the eye.

  • Question of

    A transparent biconvex structure in the eye.

    • Lens
    • Cornea
    • Choroid
    • Tenon capsule

    Correct Wrong

    An eye's lens is transparent, biconvex structure that refracts light to focus on the retina in combination with the cornea.

  • Question of

    Located at the center of the iris, this black hole controls how much light enters the eye and strikes the retina.

    • Pupil
    • Lens
    • Lateral rectus muscle
    • Tenon capsule

    Correct Wrong

    The pupil allows light to reach the retina within the iris. Blackness is caused by light rays entering the pupil being absorbed directly by the eye's tissues.

  • Question of

    The aqueous humor-filled space inside the eye.

    • Anterior chamber (AC)
    • Lens
    • Optic nerve
    • Cornea

    Correct Wrong

    Aqueous humor fills the anterior chamber (AC), which is situated between the iris and the endothelium of the cornea.

  • Question of

    The innermost layer of the eye is also known as the neural tunic.

    • Retina
    • Cornea
    • Iris
    • Pupil

    Correct Wrong

    An eye's inner layer is the neural tunic, or retina, which houses the nerve cells responsible for photoreception.

  • Question of

    A highly vascular tissue that supplies blood to the outer retina of the eye.

    • Choroid
    • Ciliary processes
    • Iris
    • Central retinal artery

    Correct Wrong

    Blood is supplied to the outer retina by the choroid, a highly vascular tissue in the wall of the eye.

  • Question of

    A small closely packed cones in the eye responsible for sharp central vision.

    • Fovea centralis
    • Ciliary processes
    • Ciliary muscle
    • Optic disc

    Correct Wrong

    A fovea centralis is a small, central pit in the eye made of closely packed cones. Foveal vision is responsible for sharp central vision, an essential trait for human activities requiring detailed visual perception, such as reading and driving.